4G Base Station Placement using the Foraging Bees Optimization Algorithm

This comprehensive paper delves into the intricate challenge of enhancing wireless coverage in university campuses, with a particular focus on the dynamic environment of the University of Lagos in Nigeria. The primary aim is to provide pervasive wireless connectivity while ensuring energy-efficient operations. To accomplish this, we employ a Foraging Bee Optimization Algorithm (FBA) for strategically placing base stations. Using a fitness function that considers both wireless coverage and energy consumption, FBA identifies optimal base station locations. The results indicate substantial improvements in coverage, with 95% of the campus now within the network's reach compared to 87% using the Particle Swarm Optimizer (PSO). Nevertheless, the presence of uncovered areas and a power consumption penalty underscores the continuous need for further optimization and the integration of sustainable practices. Given the ever-evolving nature of wireless network optimization, this study underscores the significance of iterative approaches in maintaining optimal coverage and balancing energy efficiency.