Analysis of Emerging Trends in Artificial Intelligence in Education in Nigeria

Abstract In the domain of education, the integration of Artificial Intelligence (AI) has ushered in a paradigm shift towards a more technologically-driven landscape, demonstrating its efficacy as an emergency strategy. The pervasive influence of computer technology has catalyzed a surge in online learning within the country, yielding positive educational outcomes. Despite these advancements, a considerable number of educational institutions in Nigeria have yet to leverage AI technologies. Recognizing the expanding significance of AI in education, this study seeks to align with this trajectory by aggregating instances of AI implementation in education from developed countries. The methodology employed involves a comprehensive review of current advancements in AI applications within the Nigerian educational context. The review process, spanning papers retrieved from four digital libraries published between 2008 and 2022, culminated in the inclusion of 73 papers. These selected papers demonstrated the utilization of AI software tools and technologies, adhering to predefined exclusion and inclusion criteria. The findings of the study reveal a prevalent use of AI technologies in education in Nigeria, encompassing evolutionary software modelling, student performance prediction, multimedia e-learning platforms and frameworks, and the incorporation of Moodle learning. This discernible trend indicates a growing demand for the application of AI technology in the educational landscape of Nigeria. However, the study also highlights a discrepancy wherein more sophisticated AI techniques, such as intelligent tutoring systems, learnable robots or agents, web-based educational systems, and learning management systems explored extensively in other nations were infrequently applied in the Nigerian context. In light of these observations, the study proposes that educational institutions in Nigeria should consider adopting AI practices from more advanced nations. This strategic alignment is posited as a means to augment student learning opportunities and bridge the existing gap between the current state of AI integration in Nigerian education and the more advanced applications witnessed globally.