This anonymous data were used to generate tables in our paper published in PLOS ONE. The data are mix of DNA Fingerprinting and Household surveys to assess to what extent smallholder farmers know the wheat varieties they grow and what explains the mismatch in varietal identification. Data were collected in 2016/17 cropping season from four maijpr wheat producing administrative regions in Ethiopia (Oromia, Amhara, Tigray and SNNPR).