Artificial Intelligence and Higher Education in Morocco: Between Opportunities and Challenges

Abstract: The increasing integration of Artificial Intelligence (AI) into higher education has resulted in a profound transformation, challenging the traditional foundations of teaching and learning. This driving force has reshaped the way knowledge is transmitted and opened up new perspectives on how teachers and learners interact in the contemporary educational environment (Smith & Smith, 2020). However, the integration of these innovative technologies is not without its difficulties. It raises ethical concerns and accessibility challenges. Issues of privacy, equity and accessibility must be carefully considered to ensure that these tools benefit all learners in a fair and equitable way (Vasquez et al., 2019). This article explores the growing impact of Artificial Intelligence (AI) on the field of higher education, highlighting the transformation of teaching and learning methods. It highlights how these technologies are redefining interactions between teachers and learners in the educational context, while raising questions about the personalisation of teaching, which presents both challenges and opportunities. To do this, the study is based on a review of the academic and scientific literature, the most recent publications on the integration of AI in higher education. The objective is to feed the reflection on the opportunities and challenges of the integration of AI from various angles, and to highlight the best practices documented at the national and international level. This methodology will also make it possible to analyze issues related to teacher training, the accessibility of technologies, as well as the ethical considerations raised by the use of AI in educational environments