Assessing Burn First Aid Knowledge, and Information Sources among Burn Caregivers in Rwanda

INTRODUCTION: Burn injuries are a major public health issue, especially in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs). This study assessed burn first-aid knowledge and information sources among caregivers at the University Teaching Hospital of Kigali, Rwanda (CHUK). METHODS: A cross-sectional study involving 75 caregivers (next of kin) was conducted between October 2023 and April 2024. Data were collected using a structured questionnaire covering demographics, first aid knowledge, and sources of information. Knowledge was assessed using ten multiple-choice questions (scored from 0 to 10), classified as poor (<5), intermediate (5-7) and good (>7). Data analysis was performed using the JMP software. RESULTS: The median age of the caregivers was 33 years (IQR: 27-43), with the majority being female (80%; n=60) and married (80%; n=60). Among the caregivers, 67%(n=50) had intermediate knowledge, 25%(n=19) had poor knowledge, and 8%(n=6) had good knowledge, with a mean score of 5.36 (SD: 1.6). Friends and family members were the primary sources of information (95%, n=71), whereas healthcare providers contributed minimally (8%, n=6). Misconceptions included the use of sugar and cooking oil for burns. Despite 93% (n = 70) lacking prior training, 96%(n=72) expressed willingness to learn, preferring books (69%, n=50) and classroom training (39%, n=28). Exploratory item level analyses showed better knowledge of fire escape strategies among rural caregivers (p=0.0292) and better blister management among females (p=0.0270), while primary composite analysis showed no significant demographic associations. CONCLUSION: Significant gaps in burn first-aid knowledge among caregivers in CHUK were identified, highlighting the urgent need for educational interventions.