Assessment of Environmental Allergens and Their Potential to Trigger Histamine-Mediated Responses Among Secondary School Students in Urban Lagos, Nigeria

Histamine is a key mediator of allergic reactions, released in response to environmental allergens such as dust, mold, and air pollutants. In rapidly urbanizing cities like Lagos, Nigeria, adolescents may be increasingly exposed to these triggers due to factors such as overcrowding, poor ventilation, and rising pollution levels. This study investigates the relationship between common environmental exposures and the prevalence of histamine-mediated symptoms among secondary school students in an urban setting.   A cross-sectional survey was conducted among students aged 13–18 years, using structured questionnaires to assess both environmental conditions and the frequency of symptoms including sneezing, nasal congestion, itching, and skin irritation. The findings reveal a high prevalence of allergy-related symptoms, with a significant proportion of participants reporting frequent exposure to indoor dust and poorly ventilated environments. Statistical analysis indicates a positive association between these environmental factors and the occurrence of histamine-related symptoms.   The results suggest that environmental conditions play a substantial role in influencing allergic responses among adolescents in Lagos. This study highlights the need for increased awareness, improved indoor environmental management, and further research into preventive strategies to reduce the burden of allergy-related health issues in urban populations.