CAUSES AND EFFECTS OF RURAL TO RURAL MIGRATION; THE CASE OF GOLOLCHA WOREDA,EASTERN BALE, ETHIOPIA

The purpose of this study was to analyze the causes and effects of rural to rural migration in Gololcha woreda, Eastern Bale Zone, South East Ethiopia .In order achive the objective the study ,both primary and secondary source of data were generated by employing qualitative and quantitative data. Non-probability sampling method were emplooyed to selecte sampled kebeles as well as targated population from the target kebeles. Accordingily four kebeles were selected by purposively sampling techniques based on accessibility of getting transport,Information from each kebele, population size and potential Sending of rural to rural migrant. Filed survey was condacted to collect the important data from 180 rural to rural migrant which were selected from four kebeles by purposive sampling techniques. To achieve the planned objective the instrument like questionnaires, focus group discussion and key informant interview were also used to collect the relevant data.Quantitative data were analized by descriptive statistics by percentage,frequency by using Microsoft office excel 2007 and the qualitative data by narrating. Demographic and socio economic factors are the main problem that cause rural to rural migration.After the demographic and socio economic characteristics of migrant like;- sex, age. marital stutas , educational level ,family size, occupation, income and farm land issues are analized and interoperated.The result of the study revealed that the existence of rural to rural migration in study area. The major finding farther show that cause for rural to rural migration are :shortage of agricultural   farm land, fragmented agricultural farm system, absence of temporal agricultural wage labor and large family size issue with limited agricultural income compared to high cost of living that challenged rural poor that cause RRM in Gololcha woreda.Based on the findings it was recommended that concerned body create awareness for rural poor whose families depend on small plot of agricultural land to use full agricultural packages on existing farm land at source area to increase production instead of migrating ,distributing communal land for families who has small plot of farm lands,make rural poor to participate on off-farm activies to generate additional income rather than migrating from their residential area, to avoid conflict that related with land each farmer had better to register their land in modern way by using GPS and have legal owner books and any concerned body who had further knowledge had better to conduct additional study on the equity of land possessation among each house hold and the way they use their land in sustainable ways .5