This chapter investigates in a case study the limitations of adverse drug reactions reporting (ADRr) and the challenges facing counterfeit drugs monitoring in the African developing countries with a focus on the Republic of Benin and proposes solutions to improve the adverse drug reporting method and infrastructures as well as the counterfeit drugs monitoring. The study aims at implementing an ADRr system using the m-health technology to overcome the limitations and ease the use of the “yellow card” in the developing world. Furthermore, a real-time notification system is provided to promptly disseminate among the populations any registered and proved ADR.