Clinical Trial Designs.

Trial A = Phase Ib clinical trial in The Gambia, West Africa. Trial B = Phase Ib clinical trial in Kilifi, Kenya, East Africa. IM = intramuscular administration. ID = intradermal administration. In Trial A, 10 volunteers were excluded following screening for the following reasons: severe thrombocytopenia, severe proteinuria, spastic deformity of arm and withdrawal of consent (seven individuals). In Trial B, 14 volunteers were excluded following screening for the following reasons: hypertension (two individuals), positive serology for HIV (two individuals), positive Hepatitis B surface antigen (four individuals), participation in a previous malaria vaccine trial (2 individuals), peptic ulcer disease, allergic disease, recruitment complete (one participant).