Community Participation and Climate Change Adaptation as Factors of Sustainability Development Project in Ibadan, Oyo State, Nigeria

Sustainable development in rapidly urbanizing regions such as Ibadan, Nigeria, is increasingly challenged by climate vulnerability and weak project sustainability outcomes. Hence, the objective of this paper was a systematic review to assess community participation and climate change adaptation as factors of sustainability development project in Ibadan, Oyo State, Nigeria, adopting a study synthesizes evidence from 50 rigorously selected studies using PRISMA-guided procedures, thematic analysis, and quality appraisal frameworks (CASP and GRADE), enabling a robust evaluation of participation patterns, adaptation strategies, and sustainability outcomes. The findings reveal that genuinely inclusive community participation significantly enhances social cohesion, ownership, and economic viability, especially when strategies are tailored to local contexts, thereby boosting the audience's confidence in the effectiveness of these approaches. However, the effectiveness of these approaches is undermined by persistent barriers, including tokenistic engagement, underrepresentation of women and youth, weak institutional capacity, and poor integration of indigenous knowledge. The results indicate that projects with deeper, decision-oriented participation and locally grounded adaptation measures demonstrate stronger long-term sustainability, although post-implementation monitoring remains limited. These findings underscore the need for integrated, inclusive, and institutionally supported frameworks that bridge participation and adaptation. Thus, the study contributes to advancing sustainable development practice by highlighting pathways for improving resilience, equity, and long-term project impact in Ibadan and similar urban contexts.