Early Childhood Development (ECD) programmes have gained significant attention in Rwanda as a means to enhance educational outcomes and socio-economic stability. The research employs a longitudinal survey design with data collected from to , including pre- and post-intervention assessments for over 600 participants at various developmental stages. Children who participated in ECD programmes demonstrated an average improvement of 15% in cognitive test scores compared to a baseline group. The findings suggest that early intervention through ECD programmes in Rwanda can lead to significant long-term educational benefits for children. Policy makers should prioritise continued investment and evaluation of ECD programmes to maximise their impact on child development and future productivity.