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Effeciency and performance of rice marketing chain in Togo

Domain:

agriculture

Record type:

paper
Creator:
Adj
Editor:
McGMcGNas
Publisher:
McG
Host:avatar
Naseem, Anwar (Internal/Supervisor) La commercialisation des produits agricoles est l'un des principaux outils de réduction de la pauvreté en milieu rural dans les pays en voies de développement, surtout en Afrique Sub-saharienne. Des lors, la présente étude s'intéresse à l'analyse empirique de l'efficacité et de la performance de la chaine de commercialisation du riz au Togo, un petit pays situé en Afrique de l'Ouest. Les objectifs spécifiques poursuivis incluent l'analyse des déterminants de la participation des producteurs au marché de riz, les marges de commercialisation du riz, ainsi que les principales contraintes auxquelles font face les producteurs et commerçants de riz du Togo. Les analyses sont basées sur des données transversales collectées chez les producteurs et commerçants de riz du Togo, lors d'une enquête sur les préférences des consommateurs de riz, initiée en 2010 par le Centre du Riz pour l'Afrique. Le modèle Tobit et le modèle de sélection de Heckman ont tous deux été utilisés pour estimer les déterminants de la participation au marché des producteurs de riz. Globalement, les résultats indiquent que la production de riz paddy par le ménage affecte positivement la participation des producteurs au marché du riz du Togo, tandis que les couts de transaction y exercent plutôt une influence négative. Ces résultats encouragent donc les interventions politiques qui visent à améliorer la productivité et les stratégies post-récoltes du riz, ainsi que les interventions visant à réduire les couts de transaction dans la chaine de commercialisation du riz au Togo. De plus, les résultats indiquent que le prix du riz n'affecte que la probabilité qu'un producteur participe au marché, mais n'affecte pas la quantité de riz vendu par le producteur. Ceci indique que les producteurs de riz du Togo sont peu réceptifs aux signaux de prix, ce qui confirme l'existence d'importantes imperfections qui méritent d'être corrigées dans le marché du riz au Togo. Le calcul des indices de concentration dans chacune des 5 régions du Togo a révélé la présence d'une oligopolie dans le marché du riz au Togo. Ceci s'ajoute aux couts de transaction existantes et augmente les marges de commercialisation de sorte à ce que les producteurs ne reçoivent qu'une faible part de chaque dollar payé par le consommateur final de riz. Dans le but de réduire les importations de riz au Togo et améliorer les conditions de vies des pauvres paysans, le gouvernement du Togo et les agences de développement devraient corriger ces imperfections dans le marché, en plus d'améliorer les techniques de production du riz au Togo. Agricultural markets and their development are viewed as a major tool in alleviating rural poverty in developing countries, especially in Sub-Saharan Africa. In this context, the current study empirically examines the efficiency and performance of rice marketing along with its actors in Togo, a small country located in West Africa. The study analyzes various aspects of Togolese rice market such as: first, the major factors that determine rice marketed surplus among rice farming households in Togo; second, the margins obtained by different stakeholders in the rice value chain; and third, various constraints faced by both rice farmers and traders. The analysis was done using cross sectional data collected from rice producers and traders in Togo during the consumer preferences survey initiated by AfricaRice Center in 2010. The econometric model of determinant of marketed surplus was estimated using both Tobit and Heckman two stage selection model. Overall estimates indicate that production of paddy rice by the household enhances rice farmer's market participation in Togo, whereas transactions costs significantly hinder market participation. These results lend support to policy interventions that are directed toward improved rice production and post harvest management practices at the farm level along with provision of better market infrastructure facilities, in order to reduce transaction costs in the rice markets in Togo. Our results further indicate that the existing market prices for rice affects only farmers' likelihood of participating in the market, and does not affect the quantity of rice supplied to the market. This unresponsiveness of Togolese rice farmers to price signals confirms the existence of considerable imperfections in the rice market in Togo. These results further suggest that price policies will not be effective if the transactions costs and related issues that hinder the Togolese rice market performance are not properly addressed. This is also supported by our detailed analysis on knowing the market power across the markets (5 regions) located in Togo. The concentration ratio obtained in these markets indicates the presence of oligopoly power in the rice marketing chain in Togo. This adds to the existing transaction costs and drives up market margins such that producer receive a smaller share of the dollar paid by the final consumer of rice at the retail level in Togo. The Government of Togo and development agencies should supplement the improvements in rice production by addressing those market imperfections as a prerequisite for the development of the rice in Togo, in order to reduce imports and improve the livelihood of producers.

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Agricultural Economics

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