Effect of ITNs versus No Nets in Africa on Miscarriage or Stillbirth

The red squares represent the effect estimates of ITNs; the black lines represent the 95% confidence intervals associated with the effect estimates (a line with an arrow indicates that the confidence interval was greater than could be illustrated in the graph). The black diamonds represent the summary effect estimates for the different subgroups (“subtotal”) and for the overall effect (“total”).

Data from Shulman et al. [26] refer to stillbirths only. As the event is rare (<10%), the OR reported by Shulman et al. approximates an RR and has been combined with the RRs of Njagi [24] and ter Kuile et al. [27]. SP+, women randomized to IPTp-SP; SP-, women randomized to receive placebo ITPp (factorial design).