Effects of Inter and Intra-row Spacing on Seed Yield and Yield Components of Sunflower (Helianthus annuus) at Northwestern Ethiopia

Domain:

agriculture

Creator:

BisAzaMarKas

Publisher:

ARA

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An experiment was conducted to determine the optimum inter- and intra-row spacing for maximizing sunflower seed yield in the lowland areas of Metema and West Armachiho districts during the 2022/23 and 2023/24 main rainy seasons. The study employed a factorial combination of four inter-row spacings (55, 75, 95, and 115 cm) and three intra-row spacings (20, 30, and 40 cm), arranged in a randomized complete block design with three replications. Data were collected on phenological, growth, and yield-related traits, including days to flowering and maturity, plant height, head diameter, head weight, number of seeds per head, thousand seed weight, and grain yield. The analysis of variance (ANOVA) revealed that the main effects of inter- and intra-row spacing significantly (p < 0.01) influenced most parameters. The interaction effect significantly affected head weight and grain yield. The highest grain yield (2,375.2 kg ha⁻¹) and net benefit (89,671.4 ETB) were achieved with a spacing of 75 cm between rows and 30 cm within rows. Conversely, the lowest yield (1,704.3 kg ha⁻¹) was recorded at 115 cm × 40 cm spacing. Therefore, a 75 cm inter-row and 30 cm intra-row spacing is recommended for optimizing sunflower seed yield and economic return in the lowlands of Gondar and similar agro-ecologies.

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