Elevated adiponectin and altered metabolic signaling in asymptomatic malaria: a community-based study of Nigerian children

De-identified individual-level baseline data from a community-based, cross-sectional study of primary-school children in Akinyele LGA, Ibadan, Nigeria (March–June 2024; n = 317). The dataset was collected to examine whether asymptomatic malaria is associated with altered adipocytokine signaling in childhood. Malaria ascertainment: rapid diagnostic test (RDT) and light microscopy; malaria_status is a binary composite (positive if either test positive), and Paracount records parasite density (parasites/μL) for microscopy-positive children.Biomarkers: plasma adiponectin (μg/mL), leptin (ng/mL), resistin (ng/mL); derived leptin-to-adiponectin ratio (LA_ratio). High-sensitivity CRP (mg/L) is included for inflammation-restricted analyses.Anthropometry & hematology: height, weight, HAZ (zhfa), BAZ (zbfa), hemoglobin (g/dL), hematocrit (%), white blood cell and platelet counts (subset).Demographics & clustering: age (years), sex, and a school-level cluster identifier (Schname) reflecting the school-based sampling frame.Assay/quality: ELISAs run in duplicate with re-run if CV>15%; units harmonized to μg/mL (adiponectin) and ng/mL (leptin/resistin).Files & formats: Stata 17 .dta file (adiponectin_update.dta) and a PDF data dictionary (Dataset descriptions.pdf). The .dta can be read in R (haven) or Python (pandas). Ethics: Approved by the Oyo State Ministry of Health Research Ethics Committee (AD13/479/016c; 2024). Data are fully de-identified. Intended use: to reproduce the manuscript’s group comparisons, adjusted log-linear models (cluster-robust SEs by school), and parasite-density correlations; and for secondary analyses on immunometabolic markers in pediatric asymptomatic malaria.