Employee relationship with AI tools in public organizations: embrace, resistance and sustainable development in Ghana

Purpose The rapid development of artificial intelligence (AI) tools has increased productivity and enhanced the quest towards sustainable development goals (SDGs). Extensive research has focused on AI technologies and organizational performance in the private sector. However, research in the public sector and the willingness to embrace AI are underexplored. This study explores employees’ AI tolerance in a digitalized economy. Design/methodology/approach The study employs data from employees in Ghana’s public organizations and uses the partial least squares structural equation modeling to make in-depth analysis. Findings The results revealed that perceived usefulness positively influences willingness to embrace AI, while perceived ease of use correlates positively with both attitude and willingness to embrace AI. Moreover, job relevance and job security were positively associated with attitudes and willingness to embrace AI. Trust in AI emerged as a crucial determinant, positively influencing attitudes and willingness to embrace AI. Technological anxiety did not demonstrate a statistically significant relationship with either attitudes toward AI or willingness to embrace AI technologies. Practical implications It is necessary to foster positive attitudes and trust in AI, as well as address job relevance and security concerns, to facilitate the successful adoption and integration of AI technologies into various organizations. Originality/value The study provides new evidence on how to balance technological advances and human acceptance for organizational effectiveness, especially in a developing economy.