Factors Associated with Neonatal Hypothermia at Murunda District Hospital, Rwanda: A Cross-Sectional Study

Abstract: Background: Neonatal hypothermia is a global health concern contributing significantly to neonatal morbidity and mortality, particularly in low-resource settings. This study assessed factors associated with neonatal hypothermia at Murunda District Hospital, Rwanda. Methods: A hospital-based cross-sectional study was conducted among 124 mothers whose neonates were admitted to the neonatal unit at Murunda District Hospital. Data were collected using structured questionnaires and observational checklists. Descriptive statistics, chi-square tests, and logistic regression were used to analyze factors associated with neonatal hypothermia. A p-value <0.05 was considered statistically significant. Results: Neonatal hypothermia prevalence was 67.7%. Multivariate analysis revealed that maternal education and time of delivery were independently associated with neonatal hypothermia. Neonates born to mothers with no schooling (OR = 0.12; 95% CI: 0.18–0.75), primary (OR = 0.12; 95% CI: 0.20–0.69), and secondary education (OR = 0.14; 95% CI: 0.20–0.97) were more likely to be hypothermic compared to those whose mothers had university-level education. Additionally, night-time delivery was associated with increased odds of hypothermia (OR = 0.37; 95% CI: 0.15–0.94). Conclusion: Maternal education and time of delivery are significant predictors of neonatal hypothermia. Addressing these factors through targeted education and improved delivery practices during night shifts may reduce neonatal hypothermia in rural Rwandan settings. Neonatal hypothermia is multifactorial, influenced by maternal, environmental, and behavioral factors. Improved adherence to WHO thermal protection guidelines is needed to reduce the burden. Keywords: Neonatal hypothermia, thermal care, maternal factors, Rwanda, newborn health. Title: Factors Associated with Neonatal Hypothermia at Murunda District Hospital, Rwanda: A Cross-Sectional Study Author: Daphrose NYIRAHABIYAREMYE, Clemence NISHIMWE, Ancille MUREKATETE International Journal of Healthcare Sciences ISSN 2348-5728 (Online) Vol. 13, Issue 1, April 2025 - September 2025 Page No: 409-415 Research Publish Journals Website: www.researchpublish.com Published Date: 08-July-2025 DOI: doi.org Paper Download Link (Source) researchpublish.com