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Gendered mobility patterns in Senegal Mobilité genrée au Sénégal

Domain:

socioeconomicmobility

Record type:

paperdataset
Creator:
Chode Zub
Editor:
CenInsForDév
Publisher:
CCSDINE
Host:avatar
International audience Gender equality and women’s empowerment are consequential for economic development. While much attention has been paid to the importance of equal-gender access to education (Abu-Ghaida and Klasen, 2004) and healthcare (Bloom et al., 2014; Stenberg et al., 2014), and to improving women’s bargaining power within their household (Duflo, 2012), the determinants and impacts of gender differences in access to migration remain to be investigated extensively, particularly for sub-Saharan Africa. Though there may not be much difference between genders in the probability of migrating, women may be more constrained than men if they do not move for the same reasons or under the same conditions. Dating to the early 1990s (Chant et al., 1992), the pioneering works on female migration suggested that, in most developing countries of that time, it was largely associated with family events and had few connections with labour market participation, unlike male migration. Is this still the case? The question appears particularly relevant because unequal access to and variations in motives for migration may have adverse effects on women’s educational investment and empowerment.This paper studies the gender-specific patterns and determinants of internal migration and distance travelled in Senegal. It contributes to the literature in several ways. First, avoiding the limitations and constraints of using administrative units to define migration (Bell et al., 2015), we use individual panel data from a nationally representative survey with GPS coordinates to track individuals within the country’s boundaries… Cet article examine les mouvements de migration interne au Sénégal à l’aide de données individuelles provenant d’une étude représentative sur le plan national réalisée en 2006-2007 et 2010-2012. Ces données sont uniques dans la mesure où elles contiennent les coordonnées GPS des personnes enquêtées lors des deux vagues. Il est alors possible de calculer les distances et de cartographier les déplacements individuels en évitant les problèmes posés par l’utilisation des unités administratives pour définir les migrations. Ces résultats mettent en lumière des comportements de mobilité très différents selon le sexe et confirment leur persistance pendant les dernières décennies. Les femmes sont plus susceptibles de migrer que les hommes, mais vers des destinations rurales plutôt qu’urbaines. Bien que l’instruction augmente les probabilités de migration vers les villes, surtout chez les femmes, la mobilité féminine est essentiellement liée au mariage, tandis que les migrations de travail concernent plus souvent les hommes.

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hal.science

Tags

géolocalisationSénégalexode ruralinégalités entre les sexesmigrations internesJEL: O - Economic Development, Innovation, Technological Change, and Growth/O.O1 - Economic Development/O.O1.O15 - Human Resources • Human Development • Income Distribution • MigrationJEL: O - Economic Development, Innovation, Technological Change, and Growth/O.O5 - Economywide Country Studies/O.O5.O55 - Africa[QFIN]Quantitative Finance [q-fin]