Geographic Differences in the Contribution of <i>ubiA</i> Mutations to High-Level Ethambutol Resistance in Mycobacterium tuberculosis
Domain:
healthcareCreator:
SubLeeAdiJon
Publisher:
Ame
Host:
ABSTRACT
Ethambutol (EMB) resistance can evolve through a multistep process, and mutations in the
ubiA
(
Rv3806c
) gene appear to be responsible for high-level EMB resistance in
Mycobacterium tuberculosis
. We evaluated the prevalence of
ubiA
and
embB
(
Rv3795
) mutations in EMB-resistant strains originating from Africa and South Korea. No differences in
embB
mutation frequencies were observed between strains from both origins. However,
ubiA
mutations were present in 45.5% ± 6.5% of the African EMB-resistant isolates but in only 9.5% ± 1.5% of the South Korean EMB-resistant isolates. The
ubiA
mutations associated with EMB resistance were localized to regions encoding the transmembrane domains of the protein, whereas the
embB
mutations were localized to regions encoding the extramembrane domains. Larger studies are needed to investigate the causes of increased
ubiA
mutations as a pathway to high-level EMB resistance in African countries, such as extended EMB usage during tuberculosis treatment.
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