4068-Tiffany/Kenya-Ports-Authority

### PORT INFRASTRUCTURE & CONGESTION ANALYSIS USING SPATIAL DATA # 1. BUSINESS UNDERSTANDING ## 1.1 Business Overview Ports are critical nodes in global and regional trade, acting as gateways for imports and exports. In East Africa and the Horn of Africa, ports such as Mombasa (KPA), Dar es Salaam, Djibouti, and Berbera serve as major logistics hubs that support economic activity across multiple landlocked countries. Efficient port operations depend heavily on surrounding transport infrastructure, particularly road and railway connectivity. Poor connectivity can lead to congestion, delays in cargo movement, increased transport costs, and reduced competitiveness of the port. With increasing cargo volumes and growing regional trade, it is important to assess how transport infrastructure around ports influences congestion and operational efficiency. Spatial data analysis and machine learning can be used to evaluate connectivity and predict potential delays. This project applies geospatial analysis and data modeling to evaluate and compare port connectivity and congestion across selected East African and Horn of Africa ports. ## 1.2 Problem Statement Many ports in East Africa experience congestion and delays due to limited road and rail accessibility. However, there is limited quantitative analysis that links surrounding transport infrastructure to port congestion and delay performance. Without a structured analysis: It is difficult to compare ports objectively, infrastructure investment decisions are less data-driven, bottlenecks in connectivity remain unidentified There is a need for a spatial and data-driven framework that evaluates how road and rail infrastructure around ports affects congestion and delay outcomes. ## 1.3 Business Objectives *Main Objective* To evaluate and compare port connectivity and congestion in selected East African and regional ports using geospatial analysis and predictive modeling. *Specific Objectives* - To measure road networ …