Intelligent Treasury Bill Rate Forecasting System for Ghana — ML + Quant Finance + MLOps
# GH-Yield: Ghana Treasury Bill Rate Forecasting System
**An end-to-end intelligent treasury management system that forecasts Ghana's 91-day T-bill rates, generates optimal investment signals, quantifies risk, and serves predictions through a production API with an interactive dashboard.**
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## The Problem
Ghana's 91-day Treasury bill rate swung from **14%** (2021) to **35.7%** (February 2023) to **11%** (December 2025). For a treasury manager at a Ghanaian bank, timing this cycle on a GHS 50 million position translates to millions in quarterly earnings either captured or lost.
GH-Yield asks: **can a systematic, data-driven approach time these rate movements better than intuition?**
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## Architecture
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Data Sources → Feature Engineering → Model Training → Strategy Engine → API / Dashboard
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Bank of Ghana 29 features 8 ML models BUY/HOLD/WAIT FastAPI +
FRED API Technical + Walk-forward CV Risk metrics Streamlit
Yahoo Finance Yield curve + MLflow tracking Backtesting Docker
World Bank Macro + Regime Ensemble Monte Carlo
```
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## Key Features
**Data Pipeline**
- Automated extraction from Bank of Ghana PDF statistical bulletins using pdfplumber
- FRED API integration for US T-bill rates and Federal Funds Rate
- Yahoo Finance for USD/GHS exchange rate
- World Bank API for Ghana inflation and GDP
- Alignment of daily, monthly, and annual data to a common monthly frequency
**Feature Engineering (29 features across 4 groups)**
- **Technical (15):** Lag features, momentum, rolling statistics, z-score mean reversion signal, rate acceleration
- **Yield Curve (4):** Term structure slope, curvature, short-end and long-end spreads
- **Macro / Policy (7):** Real rate, policy spread, Ghana-US rate differential, FX momentum, inflation momentum
- **Regime (3):** Volatility regime, rate direction regime, policy stance class …