Emmanuel-DevOps-Portfolio/lagos-vegetation-analysis

Remote sensing analysis of vegetation and urban change in Lagos, Nigeria (2015–2024) using Google Earth Engine, Landsat 8, NDVI & NDBI indices - built with Python as part of an MSc Geoinformatics portfolio. # Lagos Vegetation & Urban Change Analysis (2015–2024) A remote sensing analysis of land cover change in Lagos, Nigeria using Google Earth Engine, Landsat 8 imagery, and Python. ## Study Area Lagos, Nigeria — one of Africa's fastest growing megacities. Bounding box: 3.1, 6.4, 3.6, 6.75 ## Objectives Quantify vegetation change using NDVI (Normalized Difference Vegetation Index) Detect urban expansion using NDBI (Normalized Difference Built-up Index) Compare land cover between 2015 and 2024 using Landsat 8 cloud-free composites ## Key Findings | Metric | 2015 | 2024 | Change | |--------|------|------|--------| | Mean NDVI (Vegetation) | 0.3664 | 0.3876 | +0.0212 | | Mean NDBI (Built-up) | -0.0834 | -0.0501 | +0.0333 | Urban expansion confirmed. NDBI increased by 0.033, indicating significant growth in built-up surfaces across Lagos between 2015 and 2024. Vegetation dynamics. A marginal NDVI increase suggests urban greening and peri-urban vegetation regrowth partially offset core vegetation loss, consistent with Lagos's rapid but uneven urban development pattern. ## Methodology 1. Filtered Landsat 8 Collection 2 imagery for cloud cover -0.1) to exclude lagoon and ocean 5. Calculated mean index values over the study area 6. Visualised spatial change patterns using geemap ## Tools & Libraries Google Earth Engine — satellite data access geemap — interactive GEE mapping in Python Landsat 8 Collection 2 Level 2 (USGS) Python: earthengine-api, matplotlib, numpy ## Setup & Usage ```bash git clone github.com cd lagos-vegetation-analysis python3 -m venv venv source venv/bin/activate pip install -r requirements.txt earthengine authenticate python3 lagos_analysis.py ``` ## Outputs lagos_analysis_map.html — Interactive map with 6 toggleable layers lagos_change_chart.png — Bar chart comparing NDVI and NDBI values ## Author Emmanuel Ulu — Geologist & Cloud/DevOps Engineer MSc Geoinformatics Applicant, …