jamiemcm/Malawi_Tilapia_Microbiomes

Code for the reproduction of analysis from the manuscript "Relationships between pond water and tilapia skin microbiomes in aquaculture ponds in Malawi" ## Relationships between pond water and tilapia skin microbiomes in aquaculture ponds in Malawi Jamie McMurtrie, Shayma Alathari, Dominique L. Chaput, David Bass, Camerson Chambi, Joseph Nagoli, Jérôme Delamare-Deboutteville, Mohan Chadag, Joanne Cable, Ben Temperton, Charles R. Tyler ### Abstract Intensification of fish farming practices is being driven by the demand for increased food production to support a rapidly growing global human population, particularly in lower-middle income countries. Intensification of production, however, increases the risk of disease outbreaks and thus likelihood for crop losses. The microbial communities that colonise the skin mucosal surface of fish are poorly understood, but are important in maintaining fish health and resistance against disease. This skin microbial community is susceptible to disruption through stressors associated with transport, handling and the environment of intensive practices, and this risks the propagation of disease-causing pathogens. In this study, we characterised the microbial assemblages found on tilapia skin — the most widely farmed finfish globally — and in the surrounding water of seven earthen aquaculture ponds from two pond systems in distinct geographic regions in Malawi. Metabarcoding approaches were used to sequence the prokaryotic and microeukaryotic communities. We found 92% of prokaryotic amplicon sequence variants were common to both skin and water samples. Differentially enriched and core taxa, however, differed between the skin and water samples. In tilapia skin, Cetobacterium, Paucibacter, Pseudomonas and Comamonadaceae were enriched, whereas, the cyanobacteria Cyanobium, Microcystis and/or Synechocystis, and the diatom Cyclotella, were most prevalent in pond water. Ponds that clustered together according to their water prokaryotic communities also had similar microeukaryotic communities indicating strong environmental influences on prokaryotic and microeukaryotic community structures. …