LNshuti/environmental-impact-driving

The goal of this repository is to attempt to answer the following questions: What is the estimated market size of electric and hybrid vehicles in Africa? What is the cost effectiveness of investing in electric vehicles as a public good to clean up major African cities? # Estimate the Market Size for Electic and Plug-In Hybrid Vehicles In Africa The goal of this repository is to use open data repositories to answer the following questions: What is the estimated market size of electric and hybrid vehicles in Africa? What is the cost effectiveness of investing in electric vehicles as a public good to clean-up the air of all major African cities? What are environmental externalities generated by the extraction of natural resources such as **Cobalt and Lithium** to supply the appetite for batteries for electric vehicles? **Definition of terms:** ------------------------ Trade balance = imports - exports. A country is said to have a trade *imbalance* if the country imports more than it exports. - BEV = Battery Electric Vehicle - MPG = Miles per gallon #### Data Sources We use the World Bank's World Development Indicator APIs to pull trade data from the World Bank database. Additionally, we rely on **International Trade Data** from the Harvard data-verse. This source is richer and has more detailed information related to the flow of goods and services between countries. ##### Import required libraries ``` library(TSstudio) library(plotly) library(forecast) library(finnts) library(tidyverse) ``` #### Case Study: Rwanda According to a report by Bajpai and Bower from the International Growth Center, there were approximately 221,000 registered vehicles in Rwanda in 2020. The same study also states that the growth in vehicle ownership stood at 12% year-over-year. An older summary report by the Rwanda Bureau of Statistics reported the following trend in vehicle ownership: |Year |Registred Vehicles |% Growth| :---------|:-------------------|:-------| |2011 |105545 |- | |2012 |125159 |18.6% | |2013 |136824 |9.3% | |2014 |149012 |8.9% | |2015 |166893 |12% | |2016 |183703 |10.1% | Rwanda can improve her trad …