Fine-tuning AfroXLMR on SemEval-2025 Task 11 for multilabel emotion detection in Yorùbá, a low-resource Niger-Congo language spoken by over 50 million people across Nigeria and West Africa.
# Yoruba Multilabel Emotion Detection
Fine-tuning AfroXLMR on SemEval-2025 Task 11 for multilabel emotion detection in Yorùbá, a low-resource Niger-Congo language spoken by over 50 million people across Nigeria and West Africa.
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## Overview
This project fine-tunes AfroXLMR-base — an Africa-centric multilingual transformer — on the Yorùbá split of the SemEval-2025 Task 11 shared task on text-based emotion detection. The model predicts six emotions simultaneously from Yorùbá text: **anger, disgust, fear, joy, sadness, and surprise**.
Emotion detection in Yorùbá is a challenging task due to:
- Severe class imbalance (sadness has 10x more samples than disgust or fear)
- Morphological complexity and tonal diacritics (e.g. è, ó, ẹ) that standard NLP tools strip incorrectly
- Limited annotated data compared to high-resource languages
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## Results
Evaluated on the official SemEval-2025 Task 11 Yorùbá test set (3,000 samples).
| Emotion | Precision | Recall | F1 |
|---------|-----------|--------|----|
| Anger | 0.40 | 0.39 | 0.39 |
| Disgust | 0.30 | 0.33 | 0.31 |
| Fear | 0.39 | 0.27 | 0.32 |
| Joy | 0.37 | 0.46 | 0.41 |
| Sadness | 0.59 | 0.77 | 0.66 |
| Surprise | 0.27 | 0.31 | 0.29 |
| **Macro avg** | **0.39** | **0.42** | **0.40** |
**Comparison to SemEval-2025 Task 11 baselines (Yorùbá Track A):**
| Model | Macro F1 |
|-------|----------|
| Majority class baseline | 0.165 |
| RoBERTa baseline | 0.463 |
| **AfroXLMR-base (this work)** | **0.40** |
| Best SemEval team (ensemble) | 0.657 |
Our single-model AfroXLMR approach achieves 0.40 macro F1, significantly above the majority baseline and competitive with the RoBERTa baseline, without any ensembling, data augmentation, or external data.
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## Model
The fine-tuned model and tokenizer are publicly available on HuggingFace:
- Model: Olamieee/yoruba-emotion-model
- Tokenizer: Olamieee/yoruba-emotion-tokenizer
### Load and run inference
```python
from transformers import AutoModelForSequenceClassifi …