Occupational noise exposure and health effects among industrial workers in Nnewi, Nigeria
# 🔊 Occupational Noise Exposure and Health Outcomes Among Industrial Workers in Nnewi, Nigeria
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## 📖 Overview
This repository contains the datasets, R scripts, statistical analyses, and visualizations for a cross-sectional study investigating **occupational noise exposure and associated health outcomes among industrial workers in Nnewi, Anambra State, Nigeria**.
The study involved **350 industrial workers** and examined:
- Occupational noise exposure levels
- Sources of workplace noise
- Auditory health effects
- Non-auditory health effects
- Dose-response relationships
- Effectiveness of personal protective equipment (PPE)
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# 📊 Key Findings
## Noise Exposure
| Parameter | Result |
|-----------|--------:|
| Mean Noise Level | **91.9 dBA** |
| Noise Range | **76.7–106.0 dBA** |
| Workers Exposed Above 90 dBA | **66.2%** |
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## Prevalence of Health Problems
| Health Outcome | Prevalence |
|---------------|-----------:|
| Headaches | **62.3%** |
| Chronic Fatigue | **58.6%** |
| Poor Concentration | **58.6%** |
| Irritability | **57.4%** |
| Hearing Difficulty | **56.3%** |
| Tinnitus | **49.1%** |
| Hypertension | **19.7%** |
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## Dose–Response Relationship
Workers exposed to **very high noise levels** experienced significantly greater health risks compared with workers exposed to lower noise levels.
| Health Outcome | Odds Ratio |
|---------------|-----------:|
| Chronic Fatigue | **4.38** |
| Irritability | **3.62** |
| Headaches | **3.35** |
| Hearing Difficulty | **3.18** |
| Hypertension | **3.00** |
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## PPE Effectiveness
Consistent use of hearing protection substantially reduced the likelihood of adverse health outcomes.
| Health Outcome | Risk Reduction |
|---------------|---------------:|
| Chronic Fatigue | **85%** |
| Headaches | **84%** |
| Tinnitus | **81%** |
| Hearing Difficulty | **65%** |
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# 📈 Visualizations
The repository includes publication-quality figures.
### Figure 1 – Primary Sources of Occupational …