Baidoa, located in Somalia’s arid Southwest State, faces recurrent water shortages heightened by climate variability, population growth, and limited infrastructure. This article explores the critical role of real-time groundwater surveillance systems in anticipating and mitigating water crises in such water-scarce regions. By integrating Internet of Things (IoT) technologies, satellite remote sensing, and community-based data collection, real-time monitoring can provide early warnings of aquifer depletion, enabling timely interventions.