Lineaments Characterization of Ground-Water Potential of the Ningi-Burra Complex, North Eastern Nigeria Using Remote Sensing Techniques

A Landsat Enhanced Thematic Mapper plus (ETM+) data was georeferenced using the coordinates of the Nigeria Topographic Map Sheets of Part of Birnin-Kudu sheet 105 SE, Gwaram sheet 106 SW, Kalatu sheet 127 NE and Kaffin Madaki sheet 128 NW, lies between Latitudes 10o 55’ N to 11o 10’ N and Longitudes 9o20’ E to 9o 35’ E, ERDAS imagine software (Version 8.6) was used for image processing, enhancement and filtering as well as interpretation and digitization using ILWIS 3.3, the lineaments of the Ningi-Burra was extracted from the satellite, digital elevation and surface lineaments to express the ground water potential zones in the area, the extracted lineament structures were interpreted as fractures, joints and drainage lines for the accessibility of the ground water potential of the area. The satellite lineaments are oriented in a NE – SW direction with major N-S and minor NW – SE. The lineaments from digital elevation model (DEM) were divided into several groups; N-S, E-W, NE-SW, NW-SE, NNE-SSW, ENE-WSW, WNW-ESE, and NNW-SSE. The statistical results have the sum of 898,584.40 km with minimum value of 0.00 and a maximum value of 39,101.40 km. The intensity of groundwater potential decreases with increasing distance from the lineaments. Satellite lineament bar chart has the highest lineament frequency of 5 within the class interval of 9 km and the lowest lineament frequency of 0 occurring within the class interval of 12, 13, 1617, 19 km which represents the drainage lineaments of the stream channels The satellite lineament density map has highest value of 10 – 19 and lowest values of 1.0 and 3.0 densities.