Abstract This paper examines six bilingual pragmatic markers: jare, biko, jor, shebi, shey , and
Cross-linguistic studies on language contact have established that when pragmatic marker (PM) syste
In interactive discourse we not only express propositions, but we also express different attitudes t
After the demise of apartheid, the ANC government in South Africa elevated nine African languages to
Abstract The multilingual repertoires of African home language and bilingual Afrikaans‐English spea
The use of discourse markers (DMs) in written conversations has long been seen as features of oral c