Performance Analysis on the Application of Appropriate solar water Heater System on soft drink Industries in Ethiopia

Hot water is a crucial demand for many of Ethiopia’s industrial and household heating systems.
Most industries are using boilers powered by conventional energy sources to meet the demand for
hot water. Due to environmental impact of conventional energy sources usage and the rise in fossil
fuel prices, utilization of solar energies as a source of energy become a promising candidate for
various applications.
The MATLAB/SIMULINK software was introduced to study the technical and economic viability
the solar water heating system with heat pipe evacuated tube collector. The monthly, seasonal and
annual optimum tilt angles were estimated for the selected sites. Comparisons of total solar
radiations were made at various optimum tilt angles for the selected locations. The estimated
annual optimum tilt angles are 15o, 15.6o and 14o for Addis Ababa, Dire Dewa and Hawassa cities,
respectively.
The simulation result shows that the maximum collector size required at horizontal position (𝛽 =
0°) and the optimum collector size is provided at monthly optimum tilt angles to achieve the
heating load of the selected process. In addition, the adjustment of tilt angles have a great impact
on the collection of useful energy. The maximum average annual energy savings are 1.21E+06
kWh/year for Addis Ababa at monthly and seasonal optimum tilt angles, 1.26E+06 kWh/year for
Dire Dewa at monthly optimum tilt angle and 1.21E+06 kWh/year for Hawassa at monthly
optimum tilt angle. Which means, it will reduce 327,770 kg of CO2, 340,910 kg of CO2 and
327,405 kg of CO2 emission per year respectively.
For all selected locations, the maximum collector and system efficiency is during mass flow rate
of 900kg/hr. The maximum collector and system efficiency for Addis Ababa is 67.79% and
53.37% for flow rate of 900kg/hr, and the minimum efficiency is 32.14 % and 27.34% at flow rate
of 120kg/hr. The efficiency increases as the heat transfer fluid flow rate increases. The maximum
annual cost savings are at monthly optimum tilt angles of the collector (6.12E+04 $/yr, 6.36E+04
$/yr and 6.11E+04 $/yr for Addis Ababa, Dire Dewa and Hawassa cities, respectively with
payback period of 6.43 years, 6.18 years and 6.44 for Addis Ababa, Dire Dewa and Hawassa cities,
respectively.