Predictors of Suicidal Behavior Among University Undergraduate Students in Western Nigeria

Suicide is a significant mental health concern, characterized by the intentional act of taking one's own life. The objective of this study was to examine predictors of suicidal behavior among university students in Western Nigeria. The study employed a phenomenological research design to explore the lived experiences and perceptions of university students concerning the phenomenon under investigation. Participants were recruited through purposive sampling to ensure the inclusion of individuals with firsthand experience of the issue being studied. A total of eight participants were selected from four universities in Western Nigeria, with two participants drawn from each institution. The sample size was guided by the principle of data saturation. Data were collected through individual semi-structured interviews, which were audio-recorded with participants' informed consent while maintaining strict confidentiality and anonymity. The data were analyzed using thematic content analysis, and the findings were presented narratively according to the emerging themes. Findings on predictors of suicidal behavior among university students included academic pressure, institutional stressors, socio-economic challenges, social comparison, psychological vulnerability, and lack of support systems. The study recommends that the university administrations should take a leading role in establishing comprehensive mental health wellness systems within their institutions by introducing routine screening programs to identify students at risk of suicidal behavior at an early stage.