Remote Sensing Techniques Monitoring Climate Change: A Case Study of Flash Floods in Abu Hamad Area, Northern Sudan

Earth observation has become an important field in recent years due to the increasing frequency of climate-related disasters and advances in modern technologies and studies, including remote sensing sciences. Remote sensing has proven to be of great value and utility due to its enormous capabilities in early warning systems for potential hazards associated with climate change, such as flash floods and other climate-related disasters. By integrating it with geographic information systems (GIS) and other information, these technologies provide powerful tools for conducting comprehensive studies and analyses. The insights from these analyses enable decision-makers to make informed choices immediately, which may help mitigate the effects of disasters by predicting potential risks, identifying vulnerable areas, and developing effective response strategies. This paper presents a case study of the catastrophic flash floods that struck some northern regions of Sudan during the fall of 2024. These floods resulted in significant loss of life, extensive property damage, and environmental pollution from the discharge of harmful substances such as mercury and chemicals used in mining operations. The study included the geographical boundaries of the area under study and satellite images of the area with varying temporal resolution to illustrate the areas affected by floods.