Revue RAMReS -Sciences Appliquées et de l'Ingénieur : Study of Sahelian Climate Change Using Satellite Observations and ATOVS Data

International audience The Sahel spans several countries, including Senegal, Mauritania, Mali, Niger, Eritrea, Sudan, and Chad. Located in West Africa and covering a vast semi-arid area, the Sahel region faces unprecedented environmental and climatic challenges. It is characterized by irregular rainfall, frequent droughts, and extreme climate variations. This transitional region, situated between the Sahara Desert to the north and the humid savannas to the south, is home to populations whose livelihoods are closely tied to natural resources and local climatic conditions. Subsistence farming, livestock herding, and sustainable land management are fundamental issues for the region's sustainable development. However, ongoing climate change—marked by rising temperatures, decreasing rainfall, and an increasing frequency of droughts—poses a severe threat to the livelihoods of Sahelian communities. Desertification, food insecurity, water shortages, and conflicts over natural resources are some of the devastating consequences of these