SCHOOL IMPROVEMENT PROGRAM IMPLEMENTATION AND ITS OUTCOMES IN GOVERNMENT SECONDARY SCHOOLS OF YEKA SUB CITY OF ADDIS ABABA

ABSTRACT This study examined the implementation and outcomes of the School Improvement Program (SIP) in government secondary schools of Yeka Sub-City, Addis Ababa. A descriptive survey design and a mixed-methods approach were employed. Data were collected from teachers, school leaders, supervisors, SIP committee members, and PTSA representatives using questionnaires, interviews, and observations. Quantitative data were analysed using percentages, mean scores, and independent sample t-tests with SPSS, while qualitative data were thematically analysed. The findings revealed that SIP was not effectively implemented across the sampled schools. School principals did not conduct meaningful self-assessments with stakeholders during the preparation stage, and stakeholder participation in planning was minimal. Field observations showed that learning facilities such as classroom conditions were often overcrowded; laboratories, reference books, science kits, and pedagogical centers were generally inadequate, while ICT resources were limited to a few schools. Weak leadership practices, inadequate communication, and limited commitment were major barriers to successful SIP implementation. The SIP committee played little role in planning, coordination, or monitoring, and principals lacked the skills and dedication needed to guide improvement processes. Teaching-learning activities and school environment standards were inadequately addressed, with significant shortages in educational facilities. Overall, the SIP domains of planning, implementation, and evaluation were poorly executed. The study concludes that ineffective leadership, insufficient stakeholder engagement, and inadequate supervision hinder SIP success. It recommends strengthening leadership capacity, improving stakeholder involvement, enhancing supervision and training, and ensuring adequate resources to foster sustainable school improvement in Yeka Sub-City. Keywords: School Improvement Program, SIP, principals’ effectiveness, stakeholder participation, school leadership, Ethiopia