This dataset contains information on self-medication practices for COVID-19 among healthcare students in Maputo, Mozambique. The study examines the dual use of pharmaceuticals and herbal remedies. Data was collected online in November 2022, with a total of 390 participants. The study was approved by the University Eduardo Mondlane and Maputo Central Hospital Joint Institutional Committee on Bioethics for Health (CIBS FM & HCM), with the protocol registered under number CIBS FM&HCM/011/2022.