The Birth Satisfaction Scale-Revised Indicator (BBSRI): Hausa Adaptation, Validation, and Reliability Study Among Nigerian Mothers

Abstract Objective : To examine the validity and reliability of the Birth Satisfaction Scale – Revised Indicator (BSS-RI) and to adapt it to Hausa language. Design : Cross-sectional research design Setting: Murtala Muhammad Specialist Hospital, Kano, Nigeria Population or Sample: The population of the study were women at postnatal wards of Murtala Muhammad Specialist Hospital. Methods: The sample size was 422 respondents, selected using a simple random sampling technique. The BSS-RI, comprising 6 items, was translated into Hausa and validated. Data were analyzed using SPSS version 25. Results: The study revealed that the Hausa version of the BSS-RI had good face and content validity, with a content validity index (CVI) of 1.0. Construct validity was established through exploratory factor analysis, revealing a 2-factor structure, explaining 51.40% of total variance. The Kaiser-Meyer-Olkin Measure of Sampling Adequacy (KMO) was calculated to be 0.683. Convergent validity was demonstrated by a strong, positive correlation (r = 0.901, p = .005). Divergent validity was demonstrated by the very weak positive correlation (r = 0.059, p = .725). The internal consistency reliability of the Hausa BSS-RI was high, with a Cronbach’s Alpha value of 0.763. Conclusions : The study established that the Hausa version of the BSS-RI is a valid and reliable tool for measuring birth satisfaction among postpartum women in Kano, Nigeria. This instrument can contribute to improving maternal care and ultimately reduce maternal mortality in low- and middle-income settings like Nigeria. Keywords: Birth Satisfaction Scale-Revised Indicator, BSS-RI, intrapartum care, psychometric properties, validity, reliability, Nigeria.