The Impact of Artificial Intelligence on the Future of Transportation: A Focus on Autonomous Vehicles in Developing Economies

Artificial Intelligence (AI) is fundamentally reshaping global transportation systems, with autonomous vehicles (AVs) representing the most transformative innovation in this domain. While extensive research exists on AV deployment in developed nations, limited attention has been paid to the unique challenges and opportunities facing developing economies. This study examines the impact of AI on the future of transportation, with a specific focus on Nigeria's readiness for autonomous vehicle adoption. Using a mixed-methods research design, data were collected from 120 respondents, including commuters, transport professionals, AI experts, and policymakers. The findings reveal moderate public awareness of AV technology (45%), significant infrastructure deficits, high implementation costs, and the absence of legal frameworks as primary barriers to adoption. Despite these challenges, 89% of respondents strongly agreed or agreed that autonomous vehicles could reduce road accidents, which remain a major public health crisis in Nigeria. The study concludes that while AI-driven autonomous vehicles offer substantial benefits for safety, efficiency, and environmental sustainability, their successful integration into Nigeria's transportation system requires phased implementation beginning with intelligent transportation systems and partial automation, supported by infrastructure investment, regulatory development, and public education. This research contributes original empirical evidence on AV adoption barriers in a Sub-Saharan African context and provides actionable recommendations for policymakers and technology developers.