The Relationship between Radionuclide Activity in Kidneys and Body Mass Index During Bone Scan among Sudanese Patients

Abstract The radionuclide activity and the fraction of injected activity in the kidneys have been measured experimentally using Scintillation Camera Planar Imaging Techniques by using formula derived from the formalism of the Medical Internal Radiation Dosimetry committee, practical data collected from Radiation and Isotope Center of Khartoum, Nuclear Medicine and Oncology Center, Shendi University, Department of Nuclear Medicine National Cancer Institute, University of Gazira Wad Medani, Department of Nuclear Medicine, Royal care International Hospital, Al-Nilain Diagnostic Center- Khartoum, which covers all Sudanese region, using MedisoInterViewXP® software. The aim of the study is to make a relationship between radionuclide activity in kidneys and the body mass index during bone scan among Sudanese patients. The sample of study were randomly selected from available data in sites, it contains 148 patients referred to Gamma Camera Unit, undergoing of bone scan 3 h after injection of average activity of 20.1 mCi  methylenediphosphonate (MDP). The radionuclide activity for the kidneys was found in bone scan (0.07 mCi). The study also found that (1.45%) of the injected dose remained in the kidneys three hours post injection, which reflects that low radiation dose was received by the kidneys during bone scan using 99mTc-MDP. The body mass index (BMI) was calculated for each patient, and then a graph between kidneys radionuclide activity and the (BMI) was made by using Windows Microsoft Excel program, and the equation of the relationship was made. The radionuclide activity of kidneys decreases by 0.001percent/ kg/  of body mass index BMI, start at 0.08 (mCi). The fraction of radionuclide activity of kidneys decreases by 0.001percent/ kg/  of body mass index BMI, start at 1.7 %, and that radionuclide activity and fraction radionuclide activity in kidneys is decrease with patient body mass index (BMI) increase.