Work addiction is an obsession with work distinguished by a compulsive mindset, whereas work engagement reflects a positive, fulfilling work-related state. This study examines the distinctions between work addiction and work engagement and their relationship with job performance among 168 bank employees in Egypt. A quantitative approach was employed, utilizing a 4-point Likert-scale survey measuring work addiction (Dutch Workaholism Scale), work engagement (Utrecht Work Engagement Scale) and job performance. Data analysis was conducted using analysis of variance (ANOVA),
t
-tests and regression analysis. Findings revealed that work addiction significantly influences job performance (
F
(2, 47) = 4.27,
p
= .020), whereas work engagement does not have a significant direct impact (
F
(2, 47) = 0.19,
p
= .827). Additionally, the interaction between work addiction and work engagement was not significant (
F
(4, 47) = 1.57,
p
= .197), suggesting that engagement does not amplify or mitigate the effects of addiction on performance. One-way ANOVA results indicated no significant differences in job performance based on work experience (
F
(4, 51) = 1.91,
p
= .124), and
t
-tests showed no gender-based differences (
t
(53) = 0.59,
p
= .555). These findings challenge the assumption that engagement universally enhances performance, highlighting the dominant role of work addiction in driving short-term job outcomes. The study provides managerial insights into balancing productivity with employee well-being and suggests future research on workplace interventions to mitigate the risks of compulsive work behaviours while fostering sustainable engagement.