A strategy for sustainable capacity development in Earth observation-based crop monitoring and early warning systems in Mozambique: Tools, guidelines, and recommendations

This report provides a roadmap for building and sustaining national capacity to use Earth observation (EO) technologies for crop monitoring and early warning in Mozambique. It explains why EO-based systems are essential for improving food security and resilience to climate shocks, and offers practical tools, guidelines, and recommendations for designing, implementing, and evaluating capacity development projects. The report combines global good practices from the GEOGLAM community with insights from Mozambique's institutional context, recent and ongoing projects, and stakeholder consultations. It includes a readiness assessment framework, short-term actions for coordination across projects, and a five-year strategy for institutionalising EO-based monitoring within the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Development (MADER). Annexes summarise seven relevant projects and their outputs. This report is intended for government agencies in Mozambique, development partners, research institutions, and international organisations working on digital agriculture, food security, and climate resilience. It will also be useful for practitioners and policymakers in other countries seeking to strengthen EO-based agricultural monitoring systems. Prepared by the Faculty of Geo-Information Science and Earth Observation (ITC) at the University of Twente and the Group on Earth Observations Global Agricultural Monitoring (GEOGLAM) for the World Bank, the report draws on international expertise and regional experience to guide sustainable capacity development.