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About the new salvia weed (Salvia tiliifolia) in Tigray ብዛዕባ ሓድሽ ዓሌት ፃህያይ ሳልቭያ ኣብ ትግራይ (Salvia tiliifolia, ሳልቪያ ቲሊፎልያ)

Domaine:

agriculture

Type de record:

paper
Créateur:
Nyssen, Jan
Éditeur:
Nyssen, JanGebTesHai
Éditeur:
Zenodo
Hôte:avatar
The new salvia weed that invades farmlands and rangelands in Tigray, formally called Salvia tiliifolia, is an annual plant native to Mexico and surroundings. It thrives in tropical, seasonally dry environments. It was introduced to Ethiopia in the late 20th century and made its way to Tigray after 2010. With its many branching stems and profusion of seeds, this upright pioneer plant becomes dominant in the herbaceous layer of wastelands and roadsides before spreading to all other land uses, including agricultural land. Visual observations show that in areas with "cut & carry" grass harvesting, or those with less grazing pressure, salvia is not prevalent. Farmers in the research area have ability uprooting salvia, which is rather simple because this species is easily recognized, and its roots do not withstand much force. In collaboration with the community, we have selected a highly infested location on the outskirts of Hagere Selam and have developed a plan to eradicate all salvia plants from 7.66 hectares of wasteland before the seeds have a chance to grow. The labour-intensive weeding required 45 person-days per hectare to complete a single manual salvia weeding operation in wasteland. Annual repetition of such an operation would be necessary, with a gradual decrease in burden predicted. As an alternative, to maximize grass production, we recommend converting the rangelands into managed exclosures. There will be salvia, but not a lot of it. This would keep the most significant salvia seed supply area under control and reduce the weeds invading farmlands. ሳልቭያ ቲሊፎልያ (Salvia tiliifolia) ኣብ ትግራይ ኣብ ተሓረስቲ ቦታታትን መውዓሊ ከፍትን ዘስፋሕፍሕ ዘሎ ሓድሽ ዓሌት ፃህያይ ክኸውን ከሎ መበቆሉ ድማ ኣብ ሜክሲኮን ከባቢኡን ከምዝኾነ ዝፍለጥ ዓመታዊ ፃህያይ እዩ። አብ ወቕታዊ ናይ ድርቂ ባህሪ ዘለዎም ከባቢታት ትሮፒክስ ድማ ብሰፊሑ ይርከብ። ናብ ኢትዮጵያ ኣብ መወዳእታ 20 ክፍለ ዘመን ዝተኣታተወ ክኸውን ከሎኣ ኣብ ትግራይ ድማ ድሕሪ 2010 ዓ.ም ኣቆፃፅራ ፈረንጂ ወይ ድማ ድሕሪ 2003 ዓ.ም ክረአ ጀሚሩ። እዚ ፃህያይ እዙይ ቀጥ ዝበለ ቅርፂ ክህልዎ ከሎ ጨናፍር ዘለዎም ጉንድታትን ብርክት ዝበለ ዘርኢ ብምፍራይን ይፍለጥ ። ናብ ካልኦት ቦታታትን ናይ ሕርሻ ግራውትን ቅድሚ ምስፍሕፍሑ ድማ ኣብ ጥቐሚ ኣብ ዘይወዓሉ ሳዕሪማዕሪ ዝበቖሉሎም ከባቢታትን ኣብ ወሰን መንገድታትን ብብዝሒ ይበቁል። ብዓይንና ተዓዚብና ብዘረጋገፅናዮ መሰረት እዙ ፃህያይ እዙይ ሳዕሪ ተዓፂዱ ብፀውራ ኣብ ዝውሰደሎም ከባቢታት ወይ ድማ ውሑድ ጸቕጢ ናይ ስዲ ጋፂ ኣብ ዘለዎም ከባቢታት ብሰፊሑ ኣይበቁልን። እዚ ፃህያይ እዙይ ብቐሊሉ ስለዝልለን ስሩ ድማ ነዊሕ ብዘይምኳኑ ብዙሕ ጉልበት ስለዘየድልዮን እዙ መፅናዕቲ እዙይ ኣብ ዝተኻየደሉ ከባቢ ዝርከቡ ሓረስቶት ነዚ ፃህያይ ሳልቭያ በቐሊሉ ካብ ሱሩ በቚሶም ይድርብይዎ። ምስ ናይቲ ከባቢ ሕብረተሰብ ብምትሕብባር ኣብ ወሰን ከተማ ሃገረሰላም ካብ ዝርከቡ ፃህያይ ሳልቪያ ብብዝሒ ዝበቖለሎም ኣብ ጥቕሚ ካብዘይወዓሉ ቦታታት ሓደ 7.66 ስፍሓት ዘለዎ ቦታ ብምምራፅ ዘርኢ ናይቲ ኣብቲ ዝተመረፀ ቦታ ዘሎ ፃህያይ ናብ ካልኦት ቦታታት ቅድሚ ምግፍሑን ምዝርግሑን በቚስና ንኸነጥፍኦ ትልሚ ሒዝና ተንቀሳቒስና። እዚ ስራሕ እዙይ ብዙሕ ሓይሊ ሰብን ፃዕርን ዝሓትት ስራሕ ክኸውን ከሎ ኣብ ሓደ ሄክታር ኣብ ጥቕሚ ዘይወዓለ ቦታ ዝበቖለ ፃህያይ ሳልቪያ ሙሉእ ንሙሉእ ብኢድ ፃሂኻ ንምውዳእ 45 ሰብ ኣብ ሓደ መዓልቲ የድሊ። እዚ ስራሕ እዙይ በብዓመቱ ክደጋገም ዘለዎ ኾይኑ በዚ ሜላ እዙይ ቀስ ብቐስ እቲ ፃዕርን ዘድሊ ብዝሒ ሓይሊ ሰብን ንሓዋሩ ክንኪ ክምዝኸእል ይግመት። ከም መማረፂ ግን ምህርቲ ሳዕሪ ንኸውስኸን መጠን ፃህያይ ሳልቪያ ምእንቲ ክቕንስን እቶም ንዝርግሐ ሳልቪያ ተቓሊዖም ዘለዉ ኣብ ጥቕሚ ዘይወዓሉ ቦታታት ንኸሕዝኡን ኣብ ጥቐሚ ንውዕሉን ንመክር። ፃህያይ ሳልቪያ ጠቐሊሉ ዋላ እኳ እንተዘይጠፍአ መጠኑ ግን ኣዚዩ ክንኪ ይኸእል እዩ። በዚ ሜላ እዙይ እቶም ምንጪ ዝርገሐ ዘርኢ ሳልቪያ ኮይኖም ዘገልግሉ ዘለዉ ቦታታት ኣብ ትሕቲ ቁፅፅር ክውዕሉ ይኸእሉ ብኡ ኣቢልካ ድማ ዝርገሐ ወይ ምስፍሕፋሕ ፃህያይ ሳልቪያ ናብ ተሓረስቲ ቦታታት ምንካይ ይከአል።

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