Agronomic Traits Performance of Cassava (Manihot esculenta Crantz) Varieties as Influenced by Cassava Mosaic Disease

Cassava is a reliable staple food for millions Nigerians and an important food security crop. However, cassava productivity is severely affected by cassava mosaic disease (CMD) in Nigeria. This research assessed agronomic traits performance of selected cassava varieties grown in North-east and North-western Nigeria under natural conditions. Fifty-two (52) cassava varieties were sourced and evaluated under field conditions using Randomized Complete Block Design (RCBD) replicated three times. CMD transmission was achieved by whiteflies. Data generated were subjected to statistical Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) using Statistical Analysis System (SAS), significant means were separated using Duncan’s New Multiple Range Test at 5% probability level. Results showed significant (P ≤ 0.05) differences among the varieties for CMD incidence and severity. Twenty-seven (27) varieties recorded the lowest means CMD incidence and severity (0.00% and 1.00). Dan-Ajafa recorded the highest mean CMD incidence (80.00%) and Bahaushe had the highest mean CMD severity (4.67). Varieties did not significantly (P≤0.05) differed in relation to mean number of storage roots per plant. Mean number of marketable root per plant varied significantly among the varieties. There was positive and highly significant correlation between CMD incidence and severity. Findings of this study revealed the critical role of CMD-resistant varieties in sustaining cassava productivity. Breeding for resistance, dissemination, and farmers’ adoption of resistant varieties are recommended to ensure food security in the study areas.