AIRCRAFT NOISE POLLUTION NEAR MURTALA MUHAMMED INTERNATIONAL AIRPORT, LAGOS: HEALTH IMPACTS AND THE ANHS MODEL FRAMEWORK

Urbanisation around aviation hubs in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs) creates compressed noise exposure gradients. Empirical health data from sub-Saharan Africa are sparse. To apply the Aircraft Noise-Health-Sustainability (ANHS) Model to assess noise exposure and health impacts near Murtala Muhammed International Airport (MMIA), Lagos, Nigeria. Cross-sectional mixed-methods design. Noise measurements at 20 neighbourhoods; Lden for intermediate distances modelled via logarithmic decay anchored by empirical endpoints (86.2 dB(A) at 0-1 km, 61.5 dB(A) at 4-5 km). Survey of 412 residents assessed self-reported health and housing quality. Mean ambient noise 63.1 dB(A) (range 47.5-74.2), mean peak SPL 112.4 dB(A) (107.0-117.0). Lden decayed from 86.2 to 61.5 dB(A); even 5 km exceeded WHO 55 dB(A). 85.0% of residents lived in older, non-insulated housing; 86.9% lacked noise attenuation. Health outcomes: sleep disturbance 58.0%, hearing degradation 18.0%, reduced quality of life 13.1%, communication interference 10.9%. Odds ratios (0-1 km vs. 4-5 km) for sleep disturbance 4.2 (95% CI 2.4-7.3) and hearing degradation 5.1 (95% CI 2.5-10.4). Cumulative burden: 48.8% in 0-1 km reported ≥2 outcomes vs. 9.9% at 4-5 km (χ²=29.6, p<0.001). The ANHS model is validated. Compressed exposure and poor housing amplify health burdens, directly impeding SDGs 3 and 11. Urgent interventions - buffer zones, retrofits, enforcement - are needed.