Baseline Characteristics of a Prospective Cohort Study of Mental Health Among University Students in Kenya.

Abstract. Purpose: Mental health disorders are prevalent among university students, yet access to care remains limited. Existing research is largely cross-sectional, offering little insight into how mental health evolves over time. This study established a cohort of students from five universities in Kenya, from entry into university through their academic journey to examine trajectories of mental health outcomes. Participants: A cohort of 4,572 first year university students from five institutions in Kenya have undergone a baseline survey and will be followed throughout their academic period, with annual surveys administered. Findings to date: Baseline findings showed a higher proportion of male students (57.1%), with most participants aged 19–20 years (71.1%). The lifetime prevalence of any mental disorder was 49.7%, with social anxiety and eating disorders being the most common (25% and 29.2%, respectively), while mood disorders were the least prevalent (below 5%). Female students were at higher risk of mental health disorders compared to males, and frequent engagement in religious activities appeared to be a protective factor.