This dataset contains de-identified data from a two-center cross-sectional study of adults receiving antihypertensive therapy at Buea Regional Hospital and Limbe Regional Hospital in Southwest Cameroon between November 2025 and April 2026. The dataset supports complementary analyses of blood pressure control across contemporary treatment targets, general and central adiposity, apparent treatment-resistant hypertension, antihypertensive treatment patterns, self-reported medication adherence, and obstructive sleep apnea risk. A total of 306 participants were enrolled, of whom 300 had analyzable primary blood pressure measurements.