Core components of teaching at the right level

This working paper synthesises evidence and implementer insights to distil the core components of Teaching at the Right Level (TaRL), an evidence-backed foundational literacy and numeracy approach used in South Asia and Sub-Saharan Africa. By combining impact evaluations, related academic evidence (cognitive science, educational psychology), and interviews with implementers, the authors identify nine critical elements across classroom instruction, pedagogical support, and system-level authorising environments that are essential for effective design, adaptation, and large-scale implementation of TaRL programmes.