Critical Analysis of Control of Arms Trafficking in African Conflict Zones: Legal and Policy Challenges

This article critically analyses the control of illicit arms trafficking in African conflict zones, focusing on legal and policy challenges that undermine regulatory efforts. It identifies weak national legislation, poor implementation of international instruments, and limited regional cooperation as key drivers of illicit arms flows. The study further demonstrates how arms trafficking sustains armed conflicts, contributes to human rights violations, and obstructs socio-economic development. Using a legal and policy-oriented approach, the article evaluates international, regional, and domestic frameworks governing arms control. It finds that despite the existence of instruments such as the Arms Trade Treaty and regional conventions, enforcement remains inconsistent due to institutional weaknesses, corruption, and political instability. The article recommends strengthening national legal frameworks, enhancing enforcement mechanisms, promoting regional cooperation, and addressing socio-economic drivers of arms trafficking. It concludes that a coordinated and multi-level approach is essential for reducing illicit arms flows and promoting sustainable peace in African conflict zones.