Data from: Comparison of historical bottleneck effects and genetic consequences of reintroduction in a critically-endangered island passerine

Re-introduction is an important tool for recovering endangered species; however, the magnitude of genetic consequences for re-introduced populations remains largely unknown, in particular the relative impacts of historical population bottlenecks compared to those induced by conservation management. We characterize 14 microsatellite loci developed for the Seychelles paradise flycatcher and use them to quantify temporal and spatial measures of genetic variation across a 134-year time frame encompassing a historical bottleneck that reduced the species to ~28 individuals in the 1960s, through the initial stages of recovery and across a second contemporary conservation-introduction-induced bottleneck. We then evaluate the relative impacts of the two bottlenecks, and finally apply our findings to inform broader re-introduction strategy. We find a temporal trend of significant decrease in standard measures of genetic diversity across the historical bottleneck, but only a nonsignificant downward trend in number of alleles across the contemporary bottleneck. However, accounting for the different timescales of the two bottlenecks (~40 historical generations versus <1 contemporary generation), the loss of genetic diversity per generation is greater across the contemporary bottleneck. Historically, the flycatcher population was genetically structured; however, extinction on four of five islands has resulted in a homogeneous contemporary population. We conclude that severe historical bottlenecks can leave a large footprint in terms of sheer quantity of genetic diversity lost. However, severely depleted genetic diversity does not render a species immune to further genetic erosion upon re-introduction. In some cases, the loss of genetic diversity per generation can, initially at least, be greater across re-introduction-induced bottlenecks. All_Terpsiphone_corvina_genotypes_tableMicrosatellite genotypes table for 338 modern and 53 museum Terpsiphone corvina individuals. Text file contains individual ID, sex, age, collection location, collection date and genotype at 14 icrosatellite loci.All_SPF_genotypes_table.txtLaDigue_tmvp_inputTMVP input file (.prn) for La Digue historical and contemporary Ne.Praslin_tmvp_inputPraslin TMVP input file. Format is .prn file. For calculation of historical (age of the oldest sample) and contemporary Ne from genotype dataInput file for calculating the proportion of alleles capturedInput file for calculating the proportion of alleles present in the La Digue source population that could be captured by translocating differing numbers of individualsinput.txt