Data from: Minimal evidence of inflammaging in naturalistic chimpanzee populations

Objectives: Whereas chronic inflammation is a hallmark of aging in many human populations, inflammaging is reduced in groups characterized by frequent physical activity and diets low in processed foods. Since most biomarkers of inflammation require blood sampling, comparative data from our closest primate relatives have been derived from sedentary, captive primate populations, whose processed diets are uncharacteristic of the wild. Materials and Methods: We evaluated ageing profiles of inflammation and oxidative stress biomarkers derived from urine and serum samples in semi-free ranging chimpanzees (Pan troglodytes) living in two African sanctuaries (N=156 health checks, 73 individuals, ages 11-39 years), where diet and physical activity more closely approximate the wild condition than captive laboratory settings. We compared these to urinary markers from wild chimpanzees from Kanyawara, Kibale National Park, Uganda (N=1,849 time points, 50 individuals, ages 10-57 years), as well as published serum data from biomedical laboratories. Results: Serum inflammatory biomarker (CRP and IL6) levels in sanctuary chimpanzees were 2-10 times lower on average than those of laboratory chimpanzees. Compared to wild populations, acute immune activity (neopterin) and lipid peroxidation (isoprostanes) were higher in sanctuaries, while chronic systemic inflammation (suPAR) and DNA damage (OHdG) did not differ. We detected a significant but modest age-related increase in one biomarker (suPAR) in the wild sample. Discussion: These results parallel recent findings from humans in demonstrating that chronic inflammation is not a natural consequence of aging but may rather be driven by environmental contexts that are mismatched to the evolutionary history of a given species. See paper for all detailed methods for this dataset. # Data from: Minimal evidence of inflammaging in naturalistic chimpanzee populations Dataset DOI: [10.5061/dryad.v15dv429v](doi.org) ## Description of the data and file structure This data set consists of one data file (.xlsx format) reporting urinary and/or serum markers of inflammation from sanctuary-living and wild chimpanzees, as reported in the associated manuscript. There is a key tab in the file defining each variable reported in the main data tab, also reported below. ### Files and variables #### File: DATA_Cole_etal_chimpanzee_inflammation.xlsx **Description:** urinary and serum markers of inflammation from chimpanzees. ##### Variables | ***Variable*** | ***Description*** | | :------------- | :-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- | | Subject | Unique chimpanzee identifier | | Sex | Male or female | | Facility | Sanctuary or wild | | Site | Ngamba, Tchimpounga, or Kanyawara | | SiteYear | Site and year  | | Age | Age (years) at time of sampling | | TimeUrine | Time of urine sampling | | AssayYear | Year of assay | | uNeo | Urinary neopterin. Values < 250 nmol/L assigned 250. nmol/L; values over 4375 nmol/L assigned 4375 nmol/L. Results are corrected for specific gravity and log transformed. Blank cells indicate no assay result or exclusion due to assay error | | usuPAR | Urinary soluble urokinase plasminogen activator receptor. Values < 75 pg/mL assigned 75 pg/mL; values over 20000 pg/mL assigned 20000 pg/mL. Results are corrected for specific gravity and log transformed. Blank cells indicate no assay result or exclusion due to assay error | | uIsop | Urinary isoprostanes. Values < 0.2 ng/mL assigned 0.2 ng/mL; values over 400 ng/mL assigned 400 ng/mL. Results are corrected for specific gravity and log transformed. Blank cells indicate no assay result or exclusion due to assay error | | uOHdG | Urinary deoxyguanosine. Values < 0.5 ng/mL assigned 0.5 ng/mL; values > 200 ng/mL assigned 200 ng/mL. Results are corrected for specific gravity and log transformed. Blank cells indicate no assay result or exclusion due to assay error | | sCRP | Serum C-reactive protein. Results are log transformed. Blank cells indicate no assay result or exclusion due to spike or assay error | | sIL6 | Serum interleukin-6. Results are log transformed. Blank cells indicate no assay result or exclusion due to spike or assay error | #