Aquaculture plays a crucial role in Egypt’s economic development contributing substantially to the achievement of Sustainable Development Goals. However, contexts are increasingly changing and characterized by shifts in dietary needs, more integrated value chains, globalization, population dynamics, and climate change. An enhanced understanding of aquaculture’s performance under these rapidly changing contexts is necessary. Yet the ability to generate the required knowledge is often constrained by lack of accurate data about integrated on-farm performance of aquaculture systems. In efforts to address this gap, the current study is a collaboration between WorldFish and Sketting to assess the on-farm performance of tilapia aquaculture systems in Egypt. A detailed baseline survey was implemented in Kafr el Sheikh Governorate covering 402 tilapia aquaculture farm households. The baseline survey interviewed farm owners and managers. The information collected provides an important benchmark against which targeted interventions can be implemented and monitored to improve tilapia aquaculture production. Type: Dataset; Sub-type(s): Socio-Economic Survey Data